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Step 2 pump head

Step 2 of the investigation to local resources is to answer the where-question: Where does the water come from and where should it be pumped to? What is the distance between the well? What is the water level in the well? At what height should the water be stored? To answer these questions, we distinguish the static and the dynamic head.

Total head = Static head + dynamic head (friction in the pipe)

Static head

The static head is the difference between water level in the storage tank and the well. Notice that the water level in the well is not always identical to the ground water level. If the capacity of the well is limited, the water level in the well can decrease substantially.

Dynamic head (friction in the pipe)

The pipe length between the well and tap is also relevant. The water is restrained by the friction in the pipe, especially if there are benches in it and if the inner diameter is relatively small. As a result, the total head is apparently more than the vertical difference between the water level of well and tank. The magnitude of this dynamic head depends on the inner diameter of the pipe and the flow. The table below presents the meters to add to the static head per 100 meter pipe to calculate the total head.

▼ The dynamic head in meters, per 100 meter of pipe. This head is dependent to the combination of inner diameter of the pipe and the flow. This inner diameter is expressed in inches (1 inch=25mm) in de columns. The flow is expressed in liter per minute in the rows. The table gives the values of plastic pipe. (source: Bernt Lorentz GmbH)